Extreme long shot (ELS)
- This is when the subject is not clearly visible.
- It helps to show the subjects surroundings.
- It can be used as an establishing shot.
- It can also be used when action is spread out like in a war film.
Long shot (LS)
- This is when the subjects takes up the whole frame.
- It allows you to see the subjects whole body.
- It helps to show the character and their surroundings.
Mid shot (MS)
- It shows some part of the subject.
- It is like having a conversation with someone.
- This shot is used for general conversations.
- It is also used when gestures and movement is involved.
Medium close up (MCU)
Close up (CU)
- This is when certain features take up most of the frame.
- The shot helps to show more detail and emotions on a characters face.
- It emphasizes a characters emotional state.
- It can also be used when looking a papers, posters or TV footage.
Extreme close up (ECU)
- This shot shows extreme detail.
- It can show important detail on an object.
- This type of shot is not usually used too much in films.
Cut away (CA)
- This is a shot of something other than the current target or subject.
- It is used to "buffer" between two shots.
Two shot
- This shot shows two subjects together.
- It is used to establish a relationship between the two subjects.
- It helps to show
Over the shoulder shot
- This is framed behind someone.
- The shot establishes the positions of people or objects.
- It is commonly used to cut between shots.
Noddy shot
- This shot is used in interviews.
- It shows the interviewer reacting to the person being interviewed.
- It is used to break up the interview so it is not just the same image.
Point of view shot (POV)
- This shot shows the view of the subject.
- The audience can see through the eyes of the subject.
Cut-in
- This shows another part of the subject in detail.
- It can be used to emphasise emotion and to show gestures.
Camera Movement
Low angle shot
- This shot is filmed below the subject.
- It helps give the subject size and power.
- It also makes the audience feel smaller and weak.
High angle shot
- This shot is filmed looking down at a subject.
- It makes the subject look small and weak.
- It makes the audience feel big and powerful.
Pan
- This is where the camera moves left to right or right to left.
- A pan is usually filmed on a tripod for a smooth and steady shot.
- This shot gives a sense of moving with action or speed.
- It also helps to show the surroundings.
Tracking shot
- This shot is filmed on a moving dolly.
- It allows you to get smooth moving shots.
- You can also get the exact same shot if you use an electronic dolly on tracks.
- It helps to give a sense of speed and moving with action.
Tilt
- This is where the camera tilts up and down.
- It helps to give a sense of size and height.
Zoom in and out
- This allows you to focus on detail when zooming in.
- It also shows the surroundings or size when zooming out.
- It highlights significant subjects.
- Zoom in shots are used more often than zoom out shots.
Canted/Dutch angle shot
- This is where the camera is not pointed directly at the subject and where it is at an angle.
- The shot gives a sense of chaos and rage.
Steadicam/handheld
- This is where the camera moves around.
- It helps to give a sense of realism
- It also helps to create tension.
- It is filmed on a stabiliser poll and some can be on a mechanical arm attached to the cameraman's waist.
- This helps to make the shot very steady and smooth.
Crane shot
- This is a high up shot from a crane.
- It helps to give a sense of size.
Aerial shot
- This is shot from an aeroplane or a helicopter.
- The shot gives a sense of style.
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